紙張根據用處的不同,可以分為工業用紙、包裝用紙、生活用紙、文化用紙等幾類,其中文化用紙中即包括書寫用紙、藝術繪畫用紙、印刷用紙。在印刷用紙中,又根據紙張的性能和特點分為新聞紙、凸版印刷紙、膠版印刷涂料紙、字典紙、地圖及海圖紙、凹版印刷紙、畫報紙、周報紙、白板紙、書面紙等。另外一些高檔印刷品也廣泛地采用藝術繪圖類用紙。
新聞紙:新聞紙主要用于報紙及一些凸版書刊的印刷,紙質松軟,富有彈塑性,吸墨能力較強,有一定的機械強度,能適合各種不同的高速輪轉機印刷。這種紙張多以木槳為制造原料,含有較多的木質素及雜質,紙張容易發黃發脆,抗水性極差,故不宜長期保存凸版印刷紙:這是應用于凸版印刷的專用紙張,紙的性質同新聞紙差不多,抗水性、色質純度、紙張表面的平滑度較新聞紙略好,吸墨性較為均勻,但強墨能力比新聞紙要差。
膠版印刷紙:膠版印刷紙是用于膠版(平版)印刷的一種紙張,又分單面膠版紙和又面膠版紙兩種,單面膠版紙主要用于印制宣傳畫單、包裝盒等;雙面膠版紙主要用于印制畫冊、圖片等。膠版紙質地緊密,伸縮性較小,抗水能力強,可以有效地防止多色套印時的紙張變形、錯位、拉毛、脫粉等毛病。能給印刷品保持較好的色質純度。
膠版涂層紙:又稱為銅版紙,是在紙面上涂有一層無機涂料再經超級壓光制成的一種高檔紙張,紙的表面平整光滑,色純度較高,印刷時能夠得到較為細致的光潔網點,可以較好地再現原稿的層次感,廣泛地應用于藝術圖片、畫冊、商業宣傳單等。
凹(ao)版印刷(shua)(shua)(shua)紙(zhi):凹(ao)版印刷(shua)(shua)(shua)紙(zhi)潔白堅(jian)挺,具(ju)有良好的平滑度和耐(nai)水性,主要用(yong)于印刷(shua)(shua)(shua)鈔票、郵票等質量(liang)要求高而又不(bu)易仿制的印刷(shua)(shua)(shua)品。
白板(ban)紙(zhi):白板(ban)紙(zhi)是一種(zhong)纖(xian)維組(zu)織較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)均勻(yun)、面(mian)(mian)層(ceng)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)填料(liao)和膠料(liao)成(cheng)分且表(biao)面(mian)(mian)涂(tu)有(you)(you)(you)一層(ceng)涂(tu)料(liao),經(jing)多(duo)輥壓光(guang)制(zhi)造出來的(de)(de)一種(zhong)紙(zhi)張(zhang),紙(zhi)面(mian)(mian)色(se)質(zhi)純(chun)度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)高,具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)均勻(yun)的(de)(de)吸墨(mo)性,有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)(jiao)好的(de)(de)耐折(zhe)度(du),主要用(yong)于(yu)商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)包裝盒、商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)表(biao)襯(chen)、畫(hua)片掛圖(tu)等(deng)。合成(cheng)紙(zhi):合成(cheng)紙(zhi)是利用(yong)化學原料(liao)如(ru)烯烴類(lei)再(zai)加入(ru)一些添加劑制(zhi)作(zuo)而成(cheng),具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)質(zhi)地(di)柔(rou)軟、抗(kang)拉力(li)強(qiang)、抗(kang)水性高、耐光(guang)耐冷(leng)熱、并能抵(di)抗(kang)化學物質(zhi)的(de)(de)腐蝕又無(wu)環境污染、透氣性好,廣泛地(di)用(yong)于(yu)高級藝術品(pin)(pin)、地(di)圖(tu)、畫(hua)冊、高檔(dang)書刊等(deng)的(de)(de)印刷。
紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)能(neng)否順利地(di)高質(zhi)量地(di)用于(yu)印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua),取決(jue)于(yu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)適性。印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)對紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求是:紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)色調盡可(ke)能(neng)地(di)達到(dao)同(tong)一(yi)(yi)質(zhi)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)色澤純度(du)(du)(du),紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵埃度(du)(du)(du)不(bu)得超(chao)過(guo)允許的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍,具有(you)最小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)透光(guang)率,并(bing)有(you)保證正常(chang)印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機械強度(du)(du)(du),紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)(du)(du)、緊度(du)(du)(du)、結構特性等(deng)要(yao)在(zai)同(tong)一(yi)(yi)印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)批量中保持(chi)相同(tong),紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邊應為直角且斜度(du)(du)(du)誤差不(bu)能(neng)超(chao)過(guo)±3mm。紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)滑(hua)度(du)(du)(du):紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)滑(hua)度(du)(du)(du)直接(jie)(jie)決(jue)定著印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)品質(zhi)。平(ping)滑(hua)度(du)(du)(du)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)在(zai)壓印(yin)(yin)(yin)時,能(neng)較(jiao)好地(di)與版(ban)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)進(jin)行接(jie)(jie)觸,使(shi)印(yin)(yin)(yin)版(ban)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)墨層(ceng)能(neng)夠均(jun)(jun)勻地(di)轉(zhuan)移(yi)到(dao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang),平(ping)滑(hua)度(du)(du)(du)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),會(hui)因(yin)為印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)時表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)平(ping)整,造(zao)成(cheng)壓印(yin)(yin)(yin)時版(ban)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)與紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)接(jie)(jie)觸不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻,使(shi)油(you)墨層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)移(yi)到(dao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)進(jin)呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)象(xiang),如(ru)碰上(shang)平(ping)滑(hua)度(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),可(ke)以在(zai)印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)時適當(dang)地(di)加大(da)印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓力,可(ke)以適當(dang)地(di)彌(mi)補(bu)因(yin)其(qi)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)不(bu)平(ping)而出現(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印(yin)(yin)(yin)跡(ji)發虛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)象(xiang)。紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸墨性:紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)對油(you)墨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸收(shou)(shou),主要(yao)取決(jue)于(yu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緊密程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(空(kong)隙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao))。當(dang)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)隙小(xiao)時,因(yin)帚化纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)過(guo)少,使(shi)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)毛(mao)細(xi)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用受(shou)到(dao)影(ying)響,造(zao)成(cheng)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)對油(you)墨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸收(shou)(shou)性降低(di);如(ru)果紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)隙過(guo)大(da),會(hui)因(yin)吸收(shou)(shou)連接(jie)(jie)料(liao)過(guo)多而造(zao)成(cheng)油(you)墨顏料(liao)一(yi)(yi)并(bing)被吸收(shou)(shou),使(shi)印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)品出現(xian)(xian)(xian)透印(yin)(yin)(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)象(xiang)。紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彈性和塑性:紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)在(zai)屯放、印(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)等(deng)各種過(guo)程(cheng)中,會(hui)因(yin)為周(zhou)邊環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)而發生各種變
化。如(ru)在(zai)外(wai)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下,會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)瞬(shun)時(shi)地改變(bian)(bian)自(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)和(he)尺(chi)寸,而(er)當(dang)外(wai)力(li)停止時(shi),紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)又(you)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)恢復到(dao)原來的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)和(he)尺(chi)寸,這種變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程稱(cheng)為(wei)敏彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing);當(dang)紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)受(shou)到(dao)外(wai)力(li)時(shi)在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)期捍間(jian)間(jian)隔內改變(bian)(bian)了自(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)和(he)尺(chi)寸,外(wai)力(li)停止作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)則慢慢地恢復到(dao)原來的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)和(he)尺(chi)寸,這種變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程稱(cheng)為(wei)滯彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing);當(dang)外(wai)力(li)取消之后,紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)還(huan)是保(bao)持在(zai)受(shou)外(wai)力(li)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)與(yu)尺(chi)寸變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)時(shi),稱(cheng)為(wei)塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。敏彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、滯彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是一(yi)種可逆性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),而(er)塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是不可逆的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du):紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)決(jue)定(ding)著(zhu)紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)在(zai)印(yin)刷時(shi)其表面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)磨性(xing)(xing)、抗掉(diao)粉(fen)(fen)、抗起毛等有(you)決(jue)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。印(yin)刷時(shi)為(wei)了得到(dao)較為(wei)清晰(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)網點,會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)些粘度(du)(du)(du)(du)較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)墨(mo),如(ru)果(guo)紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不夠,就會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)容(rong)(rong)易掉(diao)粉(fen)(fen)、掉(diao)毛現(xian)象(xiang),并粘附在(zai)版的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian);如(ru)果(guo)使用(yong)(yong)較低粘度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)墨(mo),在(zai)平版印(yin)刷中,會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)因油(you)墨(mo)與(yu)潤(run)版液(ye)乳化,從而(er)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)印(yin)版空(kong)白的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方污臟。紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)水(shui)量(liang):紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)水(shui)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)多少,直接(jie)影響著(zhu)印(yin)刷品的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang),含(han)水(shui)量(liang)過多,紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)降低,在(zai)外(wai)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下,紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)纖維(wei)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)被拉出,使塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)增(zeng)強(qiang),使印(yin)跡的(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)燥速度(du)(du)(du)(du)受(shou)到(dao)影響;如(ru)含(han)水(shui)量(liang)過少,紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)發脆,容(rong)(rong)易造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)破損,產生靜電等。由于紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)水(shui)量(liang)與(yu)周圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境有(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關性(xing)(xing),所以對于印(yin)刷機房的(de)(de)(de)(de)濕度(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)都要進行恰當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)排,以保(bao)持紙(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)含(han)水(shui)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平衡。
油墨是一種(zhong)由(you)顏料(liao)微粒、填(tian)料(liao)、附(fu)加(jia)料(liao)等均勻(yun)地(di)分散在連接料(liao)中,具(ju)有一定粘性的流體物質。
1、油墨(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)成顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)不溶于水和(he)(he)有(you)(you)機(ji)溶劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彩(cai)色(se)(se)(se)(se)、黑色(se)(se)(se)(se)或白色(se)(se)(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高分(fen)(fen)散度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉末(mo)物(wu)質,在油墨(mo)中起著顯示色(se)(se)(se)(se)彩(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。根據(ju)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)成分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)源(yuan)和(he)(he)化學組(zu)成,可(ke)以(yi)分(fen)(fen)為有(you)(you)機(ji)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)無(wu)(wu)機(ji)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)兩大(da)類:無(wu)(wu)機(ji)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是(shi)(shi)由有(you)(you)色(se)(se)(se)(se)金屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧化物(wu)或一(yi)些金屬不溶性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬鹽組(zu)成,無(wu)(wu)機(ji)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)又可(ke)以(yi)分(fen)(fen)為天(tian)然(ran)無(wu)(wu)機(ji)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(礦物(wu)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao))和(he)(he)人造(zao)無(wu)(wu)機(ji)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao);有(you)(you)機(ji)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是(shi)(shi)指有(you)(you)色(se)(se)(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)化合(he)物(wu),也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)根據(ju)來(lai)源(yuan)分(fen)(fen)為天(tian)然(ran)和(he)(he)合(he)成兩大(da)類。現(xian)在常用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印刷(shua)用有(you)(you)機(ji)油墨(mo)基本(ben)上都是(shi)(shi)合(he)成有(you)(you)機(ji)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao),色(se)(se)(se)(se)彩(cai)齊全(quan),性能也(ye)要(yao)優于無(wu)(wu)機(ji)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。印刷(shua)時對于油墨(mo)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求較(jiao)高,特別是(shi)(shi)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)色(se)(se)(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)色(se)(se)(se)(se)澤純度(du)、分(fen)(fen)散度(du)、耐(nai)光(guang)性、透(tou)明度(du)等。平時要(yao)求彩(cai)色(se)(se)(se)(se)油墨(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)色(se)(se)(se)(se)調(diao)要(yao)接近光(guang)譜顏(yan)(yan)(yan)色(se)(se)(se)(se),飽和(he)(he)度(du)盡(jin)可(ke)能地大(da),三原色(se)(se)(se)(se)油墨(mo)(青、品(pin)紅、黃)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)透(tou)明度(du)一(yi)定要(yao)高,否則(ze)會極大(da)地影(ying)響到印刷(shua)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)。不管(guan)是(shi)(shi)何種(zhong)顏(yan)(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao),一(yi)定要(yao)有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)水性,能迅速而均勻(yun)地和(he)(he)連接料(liao)(liao)(liao)進行結合(he),具有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)酸、耐(nai)堿、耐(nai)醇(chun)、耐(nai)熱
等(deng)性(xing)能。連(lian)(lian)接(jie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是一(yi)種起(qi)著分散顏(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)、給油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)以(yi)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)性(xing)、流動性(xing)和轉印(yin)性(xing)能,以(yi)及(ji)(ji)印(yin)后通(tong)過(guo)成(cheng)膜(mo)使(shi)顏(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)固著于印(yin)刷品表(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)化(hua)學物(wu)質(zhi),俗稱調墨(mo)(mo)油(you)(you)(you)。連(lian)(lian)接(jie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)可以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)各種物(wu)質(zhi)來制(zhi)成(cheng),如種干性(xing)植物(wu)油(you)(you)(you)、礦(kuang)物(wu)油(you)(you)(you)、溶劑和水(shui)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)各種合成(cheng)樹脂等(deng)。油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)程中的(de)(de)(de)流動性(xing)、粘(zhan)度(du)(du)、中性(xing)酸值(zhi)、色澤的(de)(de)(de)濃淡、抗水(shui)性(xing)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)印(yin)刷品的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能等(deng)都(dou)取決于連(lian)(lian)接(jie)料(liao)(liao)(liao),同(tong)(tong)一(yi)種顏(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)可以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)來制(zhi)作不(bu)同(tong)(tong)類型的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo);同(tong)(tong)一(yi)種連(lian)(lian)接(jie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)因(yin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)顏(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao),所制(zhi)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)仍(reng)是同(tong)(tong)一(yi)種類型的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo),因(yin)為(wei)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)不(bu)具備改變(bian)油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)根本(ben)性(xing)能,所以(yi)油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)好壞,除了(le)(le)與顏(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)本(ben)身有關之(zhi)外,主要(yao)取決于連(lian)(lian)接(jie)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。填(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是白色透明、半透明或不(bu)透明的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)狀物(wu)質(zhi),起(qi)著填(tian)(tian)充的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。顏(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中適(shi)當(dang)(dang)地采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)些填(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)(liao),既可以(yi)減少(shao)顏(yan)(yan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)以(yi)降(jiang)低成(cheng)本(ben),又可以(yi)調節油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)稀稠度(du)(du)、流動性(xing),也能提(ti)高油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)配(pei)方設(she)計時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)動性(xing)。附(fu)加(jia)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是在油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)制(zhi)造或印(yin)刷使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中,為(wei)了(le)(le)改善油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)本(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能而附(fu)加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些材料(liao)(liao)(liao)。當(dang)(dang)按基(ji)本(ben)配(pei)方組成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)在某些特性(xing)方面仍(reng)然(ran)不(bu)能滿足(zu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)要(yao)求時(shi),或由于條件的(de)(de)(de)改變(bian)而不(bu)能滿足(zu)印(yin)刷使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)上的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求時(shi),就得加(jia)入(ru)少(shao)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)附(fu)加(jia)料(liao)(liao)(liao)來進行解決。
2、根(gen)據(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的方(fang)法,油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)也可(ke)以分(fen)成不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的種(zhong)(zhong)類。常用(yong)(yong)的有凸版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、平版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、凹(ao)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、絲(si)網孔版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、特(te)殊功能(neng)性(xing)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)等(deng)(deng)。凸版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)根(gen)據(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的特(te)點又可(ke)以分(fen)為鉛印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)書刊油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、鉛印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)彩色(se)(se)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(銅版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo))、鉛印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)塑(su)(su)料(liao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、橡皮(pi)凸版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)塑(su)(su)料(liao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(柔性(xing)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)塑(su)(su)料(liao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo))、凸版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)水型(xing)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、凸版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)輪轉印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)報油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)等(deng)(deng)。這類油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)基本上都是屬于滲透干(gan)燥型(xing)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),在印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)過程(cheng)中要(yao)注意附(fu)著不(bu)(bu)(bu)良、粉化(hua)、污(wu)臟等(deng)(deng)弊病的出現。平版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)包(bao)括種(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)膠印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、平版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)鐵油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、平版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)光(guang)敏油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、膠印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)熱固(gu)型(xing)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)等(deng)(deng)。平版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)要(yao)求顏(yan)色(se)(se)的著色(se)(se)力、耐水性(xing)較高,具有良好(hao)的流動(dong)性(xing)及干(gan)燥速度。凹(ao)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)包(bao)括各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)照(zhao)相凹(ao)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、雕刻(ke)凹(ao)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、凹(ao)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)塑(su)(su)料(liao)薄膜油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)等(deng)(deng)。絲(si)網孔版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)包(bao)括絲(si)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、絲(si)網塑(su)(su)料(liao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)性(xing)謄(teng)寫油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、水型(xing)謄(teng)寫油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)等(deng)(deng)。除了上述幾(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)外,還(huan)有一引可(ke)以起到某種(zhong)(zhong)特(te)殊效果的油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),如(ru)微膠粒(li)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、金銀色(se)(se)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、熒光(guang)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、磁性(xing)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、安全(quan)防偽油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、導電油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、復寫油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、監視油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、溫(wen)度指示用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、顯色(se)(se)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、食用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)等(deng)(deng)。
3、油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)(zhong)具有(you)一定(ding)流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漿(jiang)狀(zhuang)膠(jiao)粘(zhan)(zhan)體(ti)(ti)(ti),粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)、屈(qu)(qu)負值、觸(chu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、干(gan)燥(zao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等都(dou)決定(ding)著(zhu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)。粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du):是(shi)(shi)(shi)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)止流(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)分子間相互(hu)作用(yong)而產生(sheng)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)礙其(qi)分子間相對(dui)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)量度(du)(du),即流(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)力。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)與印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移(yi)、紙(zhi)張的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)及結構有(you)關(guan),油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)過(guo)(guo)大(da)(da),印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易均(jun)勻,并發(fa)生(sheng)對(dui)紙(zhi)張拉毛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)(xiang),使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得版(ban)面發(fa)花;粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)過(guo)(guo)小(xiao),油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)容(rong)(rong)易乳化(hua)(hua)、起臟,影響(xiang)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量。在(zai)(zai)(zai)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)對(dui)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)大(da)(da)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求,取決于印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)速度(du)(du)、紙(zhi)張結構上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公軟(ruan)件程(cheng)度(du)(du)、周圍環境中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)溫(wen)度(du)(du)及濕度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)等因(yin)素(su)。屈(qu)(qu)服(fu)值:是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)開(kai)(kai)始流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)所需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)應力。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)屈(qu)(qu)服(fu)值過(guo)(guo)大(da)(da),流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)就會(hui)變(bian)(bian)(bian)差而不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)容(rong)(rong)易打開(kai)(kai),屈(qu)(qu)服(fu)值過(guo)(guo)小(xiao),印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網點又(you)容(rong)(rong)易起暈而造成印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)品不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)清(qing)晰。屈(qu)(qu)服(fu)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)小(xiao)與油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構有(you)關(guan),對(dui)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)度(du)(du)有(you)直接的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),是(shi)(shi)(shi)膠(jiao)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)和(he)凹印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)檢(jian)測指(zhi)(zhi)標。觸(chu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing):是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)受外力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攪拌時(shi)(shi)隨(sui)攪拌動(dong)(dong)(dong)作由(you)稠(chou)(chou)變(bian)(bian)(bian)稀,俟攪拌動(dong)(dong)(dong)作停止,復又(you)恢復到(dao)(dao)(dao)原來時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稠(chou)(chou)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)(xiang)。由(you)于油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觸(chu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)輥上(shang)受到(dao)(dao)(dao)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作用(yong)后(hou),會(hui)增(zeng)(zeng)大(da)(da)流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)延展性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)容(rong)(rong)易轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移(yi);當油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)經印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移(yi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)紙(zhi)張后(hou),因(yin)失(shi)去了外力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong),油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)由(you)稀變(bian)(bian)(bian)稠(chou)(chou)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)向周圍流(liu)(liu)(liu)溢,形(xing)成良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)跡(ji)(ji)。若油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觸(chu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過(guo)(guo)大(da)(da),則使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)斗中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong),就會(hui)影響(xiang)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)輥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)功能(neng)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing):是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重力作用(yong)下,會(hui)像液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)一樣流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong),由(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)、屈(qu)(qu)服(fu)值和(he)觸(chu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)決定(ding),同(tong)時(shi)(shi)與溫(wen)度(du)(du)也(ye)有(you)密切的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)關(guan)系著(zhu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)能(neng)否從容(rong)(rong)器中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)倒出、從儲墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)槽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)輸送到(dao)(dao)(dao)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)斗中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、從墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)斗中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)順利地傳(chuan)遞、在(zai)(zai)(zai)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)機(ji)上(shang)進行良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分配(pei)、到(dao)(dao)(dao)版(ban)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)遞以(yi)及轉(zhuan)(zhuan)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)到(dao)(dao)(dao)承印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)物(wu)(wu)上(shang),還影響(xiang)到(dao)(dao)(dao)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果。墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)絲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)度(du)(du):是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)初(chu)拉伸成絲狀(zhuang)而又(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷裂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)度(du)(du),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)短程(cheng)度(du)(du)由(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觸(chu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、屈(qu)(qu)服(fu)值和(he)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)有(you)關(guan)。墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)絲短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)膠(jiao)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)和(he)凸版(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)在(zai)(zai)(zai)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)國造成飛墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)(xiang),同(tong)時(shi)(shi),印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)品上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)層也(ye)均(jun)勻厚實。墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)絲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)短是(shi)(shi)(shi)衡(heng)量油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)好壞(huai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)方法。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)燥(zao):油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)燥(zao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)附著(zhu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)品上(shang)形(xing)成印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)跡(ji)(ji)后(hou),從液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)或(huo)(huo)糊狀(zhuang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)成固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皮(pi)膜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng),這種(zhong)(zhong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邊(bian)接料(liao)(liao)從液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)或(huo)(huo)糊狀(zhuang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)而完成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)各種(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接料(liao)(liao)及其(qi)配(pei)方比例(li)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),所以(yi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)燥(zao)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相同(tong)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)從印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)版(ban)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移(yi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)品表(biao)面后(hou),油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接料(liao)(liao)一部分產生(sheng)滲(shen)透(tou),同(tong)時(shi)(shi)連(lian)(lian)接料(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)劑也(ye)開(kai)(kai)始揮發(fa),有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接料(liao)(liao)開(kai)(kai)始產生(sheng)化(hua)(hua)學反應或(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)理(li)反應,從而使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)承印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)物(wu)(wu)表(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)跡(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)層逐漸地增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)其(qi)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)及硬度(du)(du),最(zui)(zui)終形(xing)成固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膜層。通常(chang)凸版(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)以(yi)滲(shen)透(tou)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)燥(zao)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),平版(ban)膠(jiao)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)以(yi)氧化(hua)(hua)結膜干(gan)燥(zao)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),凹版(ban)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)用(yong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)因(yin)為(wei)(wei)采用(yong)揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)劑為(wei)(wei)連(lian)(lian)接料(liao)(liao),所以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)燥(zao)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。